An Overview of China for Travelers

China is often left out of discussions of early civilizationare known to occur despite government policy
which is a mistake since it was one of the first. If youopposing them. The government hopes to stabilize the
are taking a trip to China, here is some backgroundpopulation at no more than 1.6 billion people through
information your should know.2050. The current infant mortality rate is an
The official name of the country is the People'sastonishingly high 25.5 per 1,000 births.
Republic of China. China covers a land mass of overEthnicity in China is a hodgepodge issue given its vast
3.7 million square miles, making it a large country indeed.size and long history. Han Chinese is the dominant
The capital is Beijing. Other major cities includegroup, consisting of over 91 percent of the population.
Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Wuhan, Guangzhou,This is a very loose group, however, as evidenced by
Chongqing, Harbin, and Chengdu.various dialects of language in the country. There are
With such a massive land area, you can image thatseven major Chinese dialects and literally hundreds of
there is a wide variety of terrain in the country.localized dialects. Mandarin is the dominant dialect,
Generally, one can find plains, deltas and hills in thespoken by over 70 percent of the population in one
east, while mountains, high plateaus and a vast desertform or another. That being said, only 60 percent of
exists in the west. The climate ranges from tropical inthe Han Chinese can speak it with the remaining 40
the far south to arctic cold in the far north on thepercent speaking other dialects. In addition to Mandarin,
border with Siberia, Russia.languages spoken widely included Turkic, Korean,
The people of China are known as Chinese. The mostUygur, Tibetan and Mongolian. It is often said that
recent population study put the total number ofpeople in one part of China can't communicate with
Chinese at over 1.3 billion people, more than four timespeople on the opposite side.
as many people as found in the United States.From a religious perspective, China is officially atheist.
Population growth, however, has slowed to roughly halfThat being said, it takes a lax view towards faiths that
a percent annually. The reason for the slow down iswork with the government. Buddhism is the largest
very controversial. Concerned about economic strainfaith with over 100 million practitioners. Taoism is the
caused by population growth, China has implemented asecond most popular. There is a smattering of Muslim
policy of allowing for only one child per family withand Christian believers, but nothing significant.
some minor exceptions. Enforcement of this policy isAs this overview demonstrates, China is huge and
supposedly done through fines, but forced abortionsunique. This makes it a great travel destination.