Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara and the Taj Mahal

Indian quite often intended as a means of religiousminarets, which look like slender towers, at each
expression. Both Buddhism and Islam are commoncorner of the surrounding space of the Taj Mahal. The
religions in India and because of this, art is often foundthree various levels of the minarets correspond with
that represents both of these religions. I am particularlythe tombs, symbolically creating a bond between them.
enamored with the sculptural pieces in Indian art. TheAt the top of each minaret sits a chattri, or pavilion. In
Bodhisattva Avaolokiteshvara is an example of Indiantraditional Indian palaces, Chattri were a common
sculpture originating from the Buddhist religion and thearchitectural feature. Chattri have their roots in the
Taj Mahal is a and example of Indian architecture thatIslamic religion. Minarets also originate from the Islamic
originates more from the Islamic tradition. These twotradition. They were meant to be such a great height
pieces are dramatically different in size and scale,that they caused all the Islamic people to be called to
however the forms have many similarities.prayer. The overall structure of the Taj Mahal is very
The Taj Mahal is located in Agra, India. It was createdcurvilinear and has a certain fluidity about it. Another
in the Mughal period under the reign of Shah Jahan. Itwork of Indian art that mimics the curvilinear lines of
was constructed around 1632-1648 A.D. It is located onthe Taj Mahal is the Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara.
the bank of the Yamuna River, which is located on theThe Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara is from Kurkihar,
Northern side of India. It was origianally created to be aBihar, in Central India. It is a piece from the late
mausoleum for the wife of Shah Jahan, who ruledmedieval period. It originates from the Pala dynasty, in
between 1628 and 1658. Shah Jahan himself was saidthe 12th century AD. It is crafted in gilt-bronze and sits
to have been apart of some of the decisions behindapproximately 10 inches high. It is currently housed in
the construction of the Taj Mahal.the Patna Museum in Patna.
To get to the TaJ Mahal, you first arrive at a grandA Bodhisattva is an individual who is advanced on the
gate to the complex. As you enter the gate, the tombpath to enlightenment in the beliefs of the Buddhism.
stands before the viewer. There is a large garden andThe goal of Mahayana Buddhists was to help anyone
a reflecting pool. The garden is 1000 feet by 1900 feetthey encountered achieve the path to enlightenment.
and it is divided in to four sections, each of them filledAvalokiteshvara is the bodhisattva of the greatest
with plantings of trees and flowers. Around eachcompassion. Avolokiteshvara vowed to forgo
garden are walkways that are maid up of inlaid stonebuddahood until everyone else became buddhas. He
that forms geometric patterns.was one of the most populat bodhisattvas because of
When the Taj Mahal was first constructed, thethis.
walkways were lined with fruit trees and cypresses,In the statue of Avolokiteshvara, he is shown by his
which were meant to symbolize life and death. Thereprincely garments, instead of being dressed like
were also fountains in the shallow pools. CourtBuddha who is always depicted wearing a standard
musicians would have filled the space, making it a verymonk'Äôs robe. Avolokiteshvara is
magical space.specifically recognized by the lotus flower he holds and
At the back of the garden is the tomb. On the sides ofby the crown of his parent Buddha. The parent
the tomb is a mosque and a building which looksBuddha of Avolokiteshvara is Amitabha Buddha, from
identical to the mosque and is used as a resting hall.the Western Pure Land, which was the Buddhist
Both of these buildings sit on the same base as theversion of paradise.
tomb and seem to visually balance out the mass ofAvolokiteshvara is also depicted with three eyes,
the tomb itself. The buildings themselves are made upwhich is meant to say that he had the ability to see in
primarily of red sandstone. The large central tomb, onmiraculous ways. In the pose that Avolokiteshvara
the other hand, is made up of white marble, whichtakes in this statue, he is shown in a relaxed posture
really shines next to the red sandstone buildings thatknown as the royal pose. One leg is slightly
flank it.outstretched and points downwards and the other leg
The tomb sits on its own base. Like the tomb, theis folded into his lap and rests on the lotus seat, which
base of the tomb is made of white marble. The wholeis considered an emblem of spiritual purity. His torso
structures of the tomb is raised higher then the othercreates a curved fluid line and his arms are somewhat
buildings on its marble platform. There are fourbent and also have a certain fluidity about them.