Buddhism is Not a Religion Based on Miracles

The elaboration of marvelous episodes is regarded inThe later Buddhist writings are perhaps not less
India as a legitimate form of literary art, no moreextravagant than the Puranas, but the Pitakas are
blamable than dramatization, and in sacred writings itrelatively sober, though not quite consistent in their
flourishes unchecked. In Hinduism, as in Buddhism, thereaccount of the Buddha's attitude to the miraculous.
is not wanting a feeling that the soul is weary of theThus he encourages Sâgata to give a display of
crowd of deities who demand sacrifices and promisemiracles, such as walking in the air, in order to prepare
happiness, and on the serener heights of philosophythe mind of a congregation to whom he is going to
gods have little place. Still most forms of Hinduismpreach, but in other narratives which seem ancient and
cannot like Buddhism be detached from the gods, andauthentic, he expresses his disapproval of such
no extravagance is too improbable to be included inperformances (just as Christ refused to give signs),
the legends about them.and says that they do not "conduce to the conversion
The extravagance is the more startling because theirof the unconverted or to the increase of the
exploits form part of quasi-historical narratives.converted." Those who know India will easily call up a
Râma and Krishna seem to be idealized andpicture of how the Bhikkhus strove to impress the
deified portraits of ancient heroes, who came to becrowd by exhibitions not unlike a modern juggler's
regarded as incarnations of the Almighty. This istricks and how the master stopped them.
understood by Indians to mean not that the AlmightyHis motives are clear: these performances had nothing
submitted consistently to human limitations, but that he,to do with the essence of his teaching. If it be true that
though incarnate, exercised whenever it pleased himhe ever countenanced them, he soon saw his error.
and often most capriciously his full divine force. WithHe did not want people to say that he was a conjurer
this idea before them and no historical scruples towho knew the Gândhâra charm or any
restrain them, Indian writers tell how Krishna held up aother trick. And though we have no warrant for
mountain on his finger, Indian readers accept thedoubting that he believed in the reality of the powers
statement, and crowds of pilgrims visit the scene ofknown as iddhi, it is equally certain that he did not
the exploit.consider them essential or even important for religion.