Finding Life's Purpose Through Mahabharata

Finding one's life purpose and deepest life intentionsequivalent to the Greek Eros and the Roman Cupid
can help one to move with greater focus and clarityKamadeva is the Hindu deity of love. His other names
every day of one's life. There are many ways to findinclude Ragavrinta (stalk of sassion), Ananga
and develop life purpose and intentions. The meaning(incorporeal), Kandarpa ("inflamer even of a god"),
of life constitutes a philosophical question concerningManmatha (churner of hearts), Manasija (he who is
the purpose and significance of human existence. Theborn of mind, a contraction of the Sanskrit phrase Sah
concept can be expressed through a variety ofManasah jata), Madana (intoxicating), Ratikanta (lord of
related questions, such as Why are we here?, What'sRati), Pushpavan, Pushpadhanva (one with bow of
life all about? and What is the meaning of it all?. It hasflowers) or just Kama ("longing"). Kamadeva, is son of
been the subject of much philosophical, scientific, andHindu goddess Sri and, additionally, is the incarnation of
theological speculation throughout history and therePradyumna, Krishna's son. In his spiritual form he is
have been a large number of answers from manybelieved to be Krishna, by Vaishnava followers in
different cultural and ideological backgrounds. ThisHinduism. Kama-rupa is a subtle body or aura
suggests the meaning of life is different for eachcomposed of desire, while Kama-loka is the realm this
person. Albert Camus observed, we humans areinhabits, particularly in the afterlife.
creatures who spend our lives trying to convinceDharma (Duty)
ourselves that our existence is not absurd.The term dharma is an Indian spiritual and religious
The meaning of life is deeply mixed with theterm, that means one's righteous duty or any virtuous
philosophical and religious conceptions of existence,path in the common sense of the term. In Indian
consciousness, and happiness, and touches on manylanguages it contextually implies one's religion.
other issues, such as symbolic meaning, ontology,Throughout Indian philosophy, Dharma is presented as
value, purpose, ethics, good and evil, free will,a central concept that is used in order to explain the
conceptions of God, the existence of God, the soul"higher truth" or ultimate reality of the universe.
and the afterlife. Scientific contributions are moreThe word dharma literally translates as that which
indirect; by describing the empirical facts about theupholds or supports, and is generally translated into
universe, science provides some context and setsEnglish as law. The word "dharma" can also be
parameters for conversations on related topics. Antranslated as "the teachings of the Buddha". The
alternative, human-centric, and not a cosmic/religiousvarious Indian religions and philosophy (Hinduism,
approach is the question "What is the meaning of myBuddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, among others) have all
life?" The value of the question pertaining to theaccorded a central focus to Dharma and advocate its
purpose of life may be considered to be coincidentalpractice. Each of these religions emphasizes Dharma
with the achievement of ultimate reality, if that isas the correct understanding of reality in its teachings.
believed by one to exist.In these traditions, beings that live in accordance with
If we look around to seek the life's purpose or goals inDharma proceed more quickly toward Dharma
the indian contexts, it would be better, we considerYukam, Moksha or Nirvana (personal liberation).
Mahabharata, the great epic, as an authentic source toDharma also refers to the teachings and doctrines of
know one's life purpose, considering its immensethe founders of these traditions, such as those of
importance to culture in the Indian subcontinent. ItsGautama Buddha and Mahavira. In traditional Hindu
discussion of human goals or human's life purposessociety with its caste structure, Dharma constituted the
(ARTHA or PURPOSE, KAMA or PLEASURE,religious and moral doctrine of the rights and duties of
DHARMA or DUTY, and MOKSHA or LIBERATION)each individual.. Dharma in its universal meaning shares
takes place in a long-standing tradition, attempting tomuch in common with the way of Tao or Taoism. The
explain the relationship of the individual to society andantonym of dharma is adharma meaning unnatural or
the world (the nature of the 'Self') and the workings ofimmoral.
karma. Before we know the life's purpose we shouldThe purpose of dharma is not only to attain a union of
know what are the goals the human shall have tothe soul with the supreme reality, it also suggests a
achieve the ultimate goal or the life's purpose.code of conduct that is intended to secure both
Since the dawn of human existence, four aims haveworldly joys and supreme happiness. Rishi Kanda has
brought purpose and meaning to our lives. These aredefined dharma in Vaisesika as "that confers worldly
the same aims that the poet Tulsidas wrote about injoys and leads to supreme happiness". Hinduism is the
the Hanuman Chalisa centuries ago when he calledreligion that suggests methods for the attainment of
them "The four-fold fruits of life." These are the fourthe highest ideal and eternal bliss here and now on
"Great Goals" or "Purusharthas" recognised by theearth and not somewhere in heaven.
ancient rishis and documented in the Mahabharata andMoksha (Liberation)
the Bhagavad-Gita. These aims are:In Indian religions, Moksha or Mukti, literally "release"
Artha, Kama, Dharma & Moksha(both from a root muc "to let loose, let go"), is the
The Hindu Sanathana dharma' outlines the fourliberation from samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth
"Purushartha" as, Artha, Kama, Dharma and Moksha,or reincarnation and all of the suffering and limitation of
which stand as four major quests in everyone's life.worldly existence. In Hindu philosophy, it is seen as a
There are many explanations for the word 'Artha'.transcendence of phenomenal being, a state of higher
Artha means 'The Meaning' or 'Wealth'. Artha alsoconsciousness, in which matter, energy, time, space,
means as 'The Objectives'. Life's Artha lies in "Artha",causation (karma) and the other features of empirical
so says a commentator. Dharma precedes Artha, inreality are understood as maya.
other words, the generation of wealth must abide byLiberation is experienced in this very life as a
the "Dharma-Way". The wealth yearned in this mannerdissolution of the sense of self as an egoistic
will be the means for leading a healthy life in all sense.personality by which the underlying, eternal, pure spirit is
The word 'Abyudhaya' connotes dharma. Artha anduncovered. This desireless state concludes the yogic
Kama in one. The Artha earned circumventing thepath through which conditioned mentality-materiality or
'Dharmic Way' will create anarchy only.nama-roopa (lit. name-form) has been dissolved
The war on Iraq can be cited as an example. Moreuncovering one's eternal identity prior to the mind/spirit's
the wealth gathered in the wrong manner, more will beidentification with material form. Liberation is achieved
the dominating spirit over the downtrodden. There is aby (and accompanied with) the complete stilling of all
story about a king, Venon, who demanded from hispassions - a state of being known as Nirvana. Advaita
citizeneries riches for his own selfishness and theVedantist thought differs slightly from the Buddhist
people were put onto untold miseries. God incarnated,reading of liberation.
to end Venon's regime, this time as his son in the nameAnything that helps human being to reach god is
'Prethu'. The new King Prethu brought about the muchdharma and anything that hinders human being from
wanted Renaissance and today the good Earth orreaching god is adharma. For instance, in the epic
Prithivi has been named after the King Prethu. TheMahabharata, the Pandavas represent dharma in life
Sanathana Dharma quotes that the Almighty canand the Kauravas represent adharma or we can say,
become the wealth of living beings when they lead athe winning of good over evil. It is believed that
spiritual life.Yudhistira, the elder pandava was the personification
Artha (Purpose)of Dharma (he often referred as Dharmaraja), who is
Artha is a Sanskrit term meaning "purpose, cause,not able to divert from the dharma or truth.
motive, meaning, notion". It refers to the idea of materialWhile these truths are identified directly in Hindu texts,
prosperity. In Hinduism, artha is one of the four goals ofthey are quite universal. A Hindu becomes a better
life, known as purusharthas. It is considered to be aHindu by learning about these truths, but a Christian
noble goal as long as it follows the dictates of Vedicbecomes a better Christian by living life in awareness
morality. The concept includes achieving widespreadof the right of each one of us to enjoy pleasure and
fame, garnering wealth and having an elevated socialearn success within the framework of virtue and duty.
standing. It is the second lowest rung on the ladder ofA Buddhist will recognise many of the facets of the
purusharthas, above kama (physical or emotionalEight-Fold interweave with the study of the
pleasure) but below dharma (righteousness) andpurusharthas. A Moslem might be liberated in
moksha (liberation). Artha is one of the dharmascommunion and submission to Allah, knowing that
(duties) of a person in the third stage of life, thepleasure, success and even everyday duty pale in
householder (Grihastha - The ideal householder life iscomparision to a living relationship with the supreme
spent in selflessly carrying out one's duties to familydivinity.
and society, serving the saints, and gainful labor.) stage,One can start to find and develop his own purpose
and during this period a person must accumulate asand intentions by stopping for a moment and asking to
much wealth as possible, without being greedy, to helpself two questions: "What is most important to me in
and support his family.my life? What are my deepest values and beliefs?"
Conversely, Artha (wealth) stands for the means byConsider inviting divine guidance and one's own inner
which one's life may be maintained, in the lower sense,wisdom to help him with this. Give time to explore
food, drink, money, house, land, and other property; andthese questions and notice what comes up that
in the higher sense the means by which effect maytouches and inspires one most deeply. Once one has
be given to the higher desires, such as that of worship,some answers to these questions, use the answers to
for which artha may be necessary, aid given to others,develop your life purpose and intentions.
and so forth. In short, it is all the necessary means byOnce he find and develop his life purpose and
which all right desire, whether of the lower or higherintentions, he should consider finding a good place to
kinds, may be fulfilled. As the desire must be a rightkeep them and review them frequently upon rising in
desire, for man is subject to dharma, which regulatesthe morning to help one to move more effectively and
them, so also must be the means sought, which arepowerfully through the days. In difficult situations, it can
equally so governed.also be checked to see the life purpose or one of his
Kama (Pleasure)intentions, or we can say goals, so that it can give him
Kama is pleasure, pleasure of the senses, desire, eros,direction to navigate through the stormy waters and
the aesthetic enjoyment of life in Sanskrit. In Hinduism,difficult situations. By frequently reminding self about
kama is regarded as one of the four goals of lifeone's purpose and intentions, one becomes more
(purusharthas): the others are worldly status (artha),focused and effective in building a brighter future for
duty (dharma) and inner freedom (moksha),himself and those near and around him.
Kama-deva is the personification of this, a god