Influential Political Leaders Throughout Buddhist History

We see the Buddha as a monk, it is hard to imagineAs king, he believed that Thai monastic life needed to
him as a politician, but politics has been a deeply rootedbe reformed, purged of superstitious practices and
theme in Buddhist life. These are figures that representreturn to the pristine model of the early canonical
the intersection between traditional Buddhist andscriptures, the scriptures that we call the Pali Canon.
political values:This is an important aspect of contemporary Buddhism
- King Ashoka: The Protector of the Dharmayou would encounter throughout South East Asia, and
When King Ashoka assumed the throne in the yearin fact, throughout the world. There is a modernizing
269 BCE as Emperor of the Maurya dynasty in India,impulse, an impulse to strip away what people think of
he already dominated a large portion of land. Thereas being superstitious practices. Thailand continues to
was a particular kingdom that resisted domination, thebe an example, even today, of the close alliance
Kingdom of Kalinga. He waged a very bloody andbetween king and Sangha in the extension and
cruel military campaign to bring the Kalinga peopleprotection of Buddhist values.
under his domination. The brutality of this campaign- Aung San Suu Kyi: A Buddhist Hero
apparently provoked Ashoka to convert to Buddhism.Aung San Suu Kyi was born in 1945, as the daughter
After his conversion, Ashoka accepted the Buddha'sof Burma's national hero: General Aung San. Aung San
Dharma with its implicit idea of no violence. AshokaSuu Kyi was educated in Rangoon, Delhi and Oxford.
declared himself a protector of the Dharma, he sentShe settled down to raise a family in Oxford. He
missionaries out to spread the Buddhist teaching in Indiamarried an Englishman, had two sons and was living a
and elsewhere in South East Asia.rather comfortable life as an academic in England. She
There was formed a peculiar relationship between thewent back to visit her mother in 1988, just during that
king and the religious leaders in India. The king protectstime the military government in Burma had declared
and promotes the Dharma. In return, the king isthe possibility of an election.
recognized and legitimated by the religious authorities.She was drawn into the movement for democratic
There is a ritual way monks can designate this guy asreform. Eventually, she became the symbol of that
somebody whom people should respect and trust. Thismovement. Despite being placed under house arrest,
is an important two-way relationship. The king supportsher movement won a colossal election victory in May
the monks, the monks support the king. This makes it1990. The military government dismissed the results of
possible for the king to develop a sense of trust andthe election and imprisoned its leaders. Aung San Suu
loyalty among his people.Kyi has been held under house arrest since 1990 in
- Mongkut: Monk and KingRangoon but he has continued to speak out in favor
King Mongkut reigned Thailand from 1851 to 1868. Heof the democratic movement.
served as a monk for over twenty-five years beforeIn 1991, she was given the Nobel Peace Price for what
he ascended to the throne. He was a person deeplythe Nobel Committee called her "unflagging efforts for
influenced by monastic practices, something that is notdemocracy, human rights and ethnic reconciliation by
common in a king.peaceful means".