The Development of the Trinity Doctrine: the Beginning

The Book of Acts Church began upon the Oldcontinued to believe in only One God. Also, at this time,
Testament belief of the absolute oneness of Godwe see the first change of the baptismal formula and
along with the New Testament revelation of Jesusthe beginnings of the Trinity.
Christ, as being the one God Incarnate. The NewThe Greek Apologists, especially Justin, brought forth
Testament was completed and the last of theseveral main views that gave birth to Trinitarianism. He
apostles had died toward the end of the first century.presented the following beliefs to promote the doctrine
However, two hundred years later, at the beginning ofof the Trinity: The Logos was a second divine Person
the fourth century, the primary doctrine of God inor God, the begotten of the Logos before creation, the
Christendom had gone from biblical Oneness to anLogos as being the same as the Son, a trinitarian
apparent belief of Trinitarianism.baptismal formula, and an unclear understanding as to
Now, the writers of the Post-Apostolic Age (c. A.D.the relationship of the Spirit with the Father and the
90-140) were loyal to biblical language, usage, andSon. One century after the New Testament was
thought. They completely believed in Monotheism, thewritten, everything was in place for Trinitarianism to be
absolute deity of Jesus Christ, and the Incarnation ofborn.
God in the Flesh. They connected great importance toNow the New Catholic Encyclopedia states this about
the name of God and believed in baptism in the namethe doctrine of the second century in regards to
of Jesus. They did not support the idea of there beingTrinitarianism: "Among the Apostolic Fathers, there had
a Trinity, nor did they use any type of trinitarianbeen nothing even remotely approaching such a
language. Some of their propositions do not agree withmentality or perspective; among the second century
Trinitarianism, and many lean toward the belief ofApologists, little more than a focusing of the problem
Monotheism of today.as that of plurality within the Godhead...In the last
Trinitarian scholars acknowledge, that certain writingsanalysis, the second century theological achievement
about Trinitarianism address no real proof of a Trinity.was limited...A trinitarian solution was still in the future."
Evangelical author Calvin Beisner himself admitted, "InIn the Old Catholic Age (c. A.D. 170-325), Christendom
the earliest times of the Church there is little explicit orswitched from Oneness toward a belief in Three
precise statement, and even less definition of theGods. This change had already taken place when the
doctrine of the Trinity. In the first two centuries theindistinct binitarian and triadic formulations was
primary thought was of monotheism."introduced by the Greek Apologists in the middle to
With the Greek Apologists (c. A.D. 130-180), we see alast part of the second century. This resulted in the
gradual shifting from Monotheism and the beliefs of theproclaiming of orthodox Trinitarianism in the latter part
Post-Apostolic Age. The concept now was theof the fourth century.
doctrine of the Word (Logos) as a second divineThe evidence clearly reveals that modalism was the
Person Who was subordinate to the Father.primary belief of Christianity in the first part of this age.
In 130 to 150, such writers as, Aristides and the EpistleBeing that history is always written by those who are
to Diognetus still believed in Oneness, although thevictorious, the existing evidence most likely only shows
latter began to separate God from the Word. By 150only a small part of the total picture. Nevertheless, it
Justin and Tatian supported the idea that the Fatherexpresses that modalism was believed by many
and the Word were two different Persons. By 170 toduring this time period. However, since existing historical
180 Theophilus and Athenagoras began to teach thatevidence is scarce, it is clear that in the Old Catholic
there was a Trinity, Three in the Godhead, but with noAge many people still believed in Oneness, and many
explanation or understanding as to why they believepeople baptized in the name of Jesus.
this doctrine. However, at this time, Bishop Melito