Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism is the body of religious Buddhistknowing perfectly the minds of all sentient beings) are
doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, theremoved. In the Tibetan Buddhist view, when one
Himalayan region (including northern Nepal, Bhutan, andperceives or conceives of a particular object the mind
Sikkim and Ladakh), Mongolia, Buryatia, Tuva and(carried upon a subtle energy - 'prana' in Sanskrit and
Kalmykia (Russia), and northeastern China (Manchuria:'lung' in Tibetan) goes to that object. Thus it is said that
Heilongjiang, Jilin). It includes the teachings of the threeupon the attainment of omniscience, one's mind
vehicles (or yanas in Sanskrit) of Buddhism: Hinayana,becomes omnipresent.
Mahayana, and Vajrayana (also known asThere are said to be countless beings that have
Tantrayana). The invasion and occupation of Tibet byattained Buddhahood, or in other words there are
China in 1959 eventually led to the spread of Tibetancountless Buddhas. Buddhas spontaneously, naturally
Buddhism to many Western countries (which hasand continuously perform activities to benefit all
become known as the Tibetan Diaspora) where thesentient beings. However it is believed that sentient
tradition has gained great popularity. In the past, Tibetanbeings' karma (or actions and results) has equal power
Buddhism was referred to by some as "Lamaism"to Buddhas. Thus, although Buddhas possess no
(Teaching of spiritual teachers) but by many this islimitation from their side on their ability to help others,
now considered inappropriate. (See Lama)sentient beings continue to experience suffering as a
Introductionresult of their own negative actions (usually committed
Tibetan Buddhism is a Mahayana Buddhist tradition,in previous lifetimes).
meaning that the goal of all practise is to achieve fullVajrayana
enlightenment (or Buddhahood) in order to remove allTibetan Buddhism encompasses Vajrayana (a
limitation on one's ability to help all other living beings toSanskrit word that is a conjunction of vajra which may
attain this state. This motivation for practise is calledbe translated as diamond, thunder or indestructible and
Bodhichitta (a Sanskrit word meaning 'mind ofyana or vehicle). It is said that Vajrayana practice is
enlightenment').the fastest method for attaining Buddhahood, however
Tibetan Buddhist monks at a monastery in Sikkimthis is only the case for advanced practitioners who
Tibetan Buddhist monks at a monastery in Sikkimhave a grounding in the preliminary practices (which
Buddhahood is defined as freedom from themay be categorised as renunciation, Bodhichitta and
obstructions to liberation (or negative states of mindwisdom - specifically, the wisdom perceiving
such as hatred and desirous attachment) and theemptiness). For practitioners who are not qualified,
obstructions to omniscience (which are the imprints ofVajrayana practise is in fact dangerous, and will only
negative minds, or delusions). When one is freed fromlead to suffering if it is not practised with the pure
mental obscurations one is said to attain a state ofmotivation of Bodhichitta. For this reason also,
unimaginable, continuous bliss where all limitations onVajrayana should only ever be practised after
one's ability to help all other living beings are removed.receiving an appropriate initiation (also known as an
This includes the attainment omniscience - that is allempowerment) from a qualified lama.
obstructions to knowing all phenomena (including